| |
|
July - December 2017
Volume 14 | Issue 2
This journal has been online since Saturday, April 05, 2013
PDF access
This Journal allows immediate access to content in HTML + PDF for both current and archived editions.
Mobile access
Full text of the articles can be accessed via our android application and mobile site free of charge.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
|
|
|
| |
|
|
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
|
|
| |
| |
FACTOR V- LEIDEN GENE MUTATION AMONG NATURAL POPULATION OF MAIDUGURI, NORTH EAST NIGERIA
|
|
Obi, SO, Bukar, A, Amilo, GI, Medugu, JT, Waziri, G, Digban, KA, Osareniro, OE, Aladenika, ST, Olaniyan, MF, Jeremiah, ZA.
|
Background: The emergence of inexplicable thrombotic events with unrecognised mechanism in the recent times warranted the investigation of otherwise-uncommon risk factors for thromboembolic phenomena. It is a common cause of inherited thrombophilia associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE), recurrent pregnancy loss, infertility, contraceptive or hormone replacement related coagulopathy, and cerebral palsy. This study therefore aimed at exploring the of factor V –Leiden (FVL) gene mutation among the natural population of Maiduguri.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which was carried out between January 2013 and March 2014. Ninety-eight (98) healthy blood donors from ethnic population of Maiduguri, northeast of Nigeria were recruited prospectively & consecutively. They were investigated for factor VLeiden genotype by- Amplification Created Restriction Enzyme Site (ACRES) polymerase chain reaction. Data was presented as percentage and Newman-Keuls post hoc was used to compare variables.
Result: Factor V-Leiden mutation was not detected in any of the 98 subjects screened; all expressed normal genotype for factor V gene (F5) 1619 G/G. Protein C (PC) and Proteins S (PS) analysis revealed that all the subjects had normal plasma percentage (%) activities for these natural anticoagulants.
Conclusion: FVL mutation is probably a rare genetic trait among ethnic population of Maiduguri northeast of Nigeria |
|
[FULL ARTICLE (PDF)]
|
|
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
|
|
| |
| |
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY METHOD AND IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC RAPID TEST STRIP IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION AMONG HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENTS IN NORTH WESTERN NIGERIA
|
|
Bello Hali, Halima Yunusa Raji, Ahmad Abdurrahman Elfulaty, Odugu Jude, Abubakar Umar Musa, Nasiru Abubakar.
|
Background: This study aimed at comparing results of the rapid test strips and ELISA method in the detection of HBsAg among HIVinfected patients.
Methods: The study was a cross sectional in which 180 treatment naïve adult HIV infected patients were screened for HBsAg using rapid test strips and these were re-tested for HBsAg with ELISA method. The + CD4 T cell counts was performed with Cyflowcounter machine. Interviewer administered questionnaire technique was adopted in obtaining information about the study participants.
Results: Eighteen (10%) and thirty seven (20.6 %) patients were positive for HBsAg using HBsAg rapid test strips and HBsAg ELISA kit respectively. The false positive and false negative of the rapid test strips with ELISA as a gold standard were 11.11 % and 12.96 % respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of rapid test strips with ELISA as a gold standard were 43.24 % and 98.60 % respectively. About 22(59.5 %) of those positive for HBsAg with ELISAmethod were severely immunosuppressed.
Conclusion: Rapid test strips were inferior compared to ELISA in the detection of HBsAg among HIV infected patients and severe immunosuppression might impair the performance of rapid test strips. Manufacturing companies need to improve on their rapid test strips. Validation of rapid test strips prior to their usages should be ensured. WHO and member states should come up with standard protocol for the screening and diagnosis of HBVinfection and there is need to step up HBVimmunization strategies.
|
|
[FULL ARTICLE (PDF)]
|
|
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
|
| |
SYRINGE PLUNGER ASPIRATION TECHNIQUE (SPAT): A SIMPLE BEDSIDE AND FIELD TECHNIQUE FOR ASSESSING PNEUMOTHORA
Bello US , Babayo UD
|
|
Background: A simple technique for diagnosing pneumothorax caused by disease or trauma using the syringe plunger aspiration technique (SPAT) is discussed. It's simple, reproducible and can be helpful where radiographs are not readily available or inconclusive radiographic findings,in patients living at remote places and during mass casualty. Therapeutic needle aspiration is an established strategy for diagnosing pleural fluid collection but its place as a diagnostic tool for pneumothorax is unclear. SPAT minimizes any potential iatrogenic pneumothorax that may occur with a wide bore needle hence the use of size 21G needle and is a favorable screening test.
Objectives: The objective is to provide an easy, reliable appendage for assessing pneumothorax, determining its sensitivity / specificity, and to compare the efficacy of SPAT with other methods
Methodology: This study investigates pneumothorax diagnosis from 2010 to 2012 using 5mls 1 syringe and needle (21G × 1 / “).The study method is a primary intervention one, where a 5mls 2 th th syringe and hypodermal needle (21G) were inserted at the 4 or 5 intercostal space between the anterior axillary line and midaxillary line under aseptic technique and the plunger drawn, in patients with suspicion of pneumothorax. The presence of aspirated air in the syringe from pneumothorax retains the plunger in place, preventing its retraction back.
Result: A total of 21 patients were reviewed. Syringe plunger aspiration technique's (SPAT) was carried out in all cases with sensitivity of 1, specificity of 0.66, positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.94, negative predictive value (NPV) of 1, and accuracy 0.95. The graduation on the syringe using SPAT was accurate in estimating massive pneumothorax in 4 patients as complete lung collapse by radiograph tally fully with plunger displacement exceeding the 5mls mark.
Conclusion: Our SPAT sensitivity of 100% makes it important as a screening test of pneumothorax where a missed diagnosis can have a grim consequences.
|
|
[FULL ARTICLE (PDF)]
|
|
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
|
|
| |
EXPECTATIONS AND CHALLENGES OF GENERATION Y FEMALE DOCTORS: FINDINGS FROM A TERTIARY TEACHING HOSPITAL, NORTH CENTRAL NIGERIA
|
|
|
Lar, LA , Wudiri, ZW , Wash-Pam AA ; Abubakar JD , Banwat, ME
|
Background: There is increasing number of women joining the medical profession and the expectations and challenges they face are unique to their profession and role as homemakers. Notable are the “Generation Y” female doctors, whose peculiar characteristics distinguished them. Objectives - This study aimed to identify the expectations and challenges faced by female millennial doctors, brought about by misunderstanding of their peculiar needs as a generation.
Methods: This was a descriptive, cross sectional study, involving 108 participants selected by cluster sampling technique. A pre–tested, interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data that was analyzed using Epi-info statistical software; version 3.4.5. A p value =0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: They had a mean age of 30.54 ± 3.96 years and 46 (42.6%) of them were aged 26-30 years. Majority 75(69.4%) of the respondents were House Officers, Medical Officers and Juniour Registrars. Ninety eight (90.7%) of them had less than 120 months working experience. Senior Registrars and Consultants totaled 33 (30.6%), while those with work experience greater than 120 months were 10 (9.3%). Most; 60 (55.6%) of them had fulfilled work expectations, while 48 (44.4%) did not. There were statistically significant relationship (p= 0.0208) between the cadres of the Doctors and the negative effect of work on the family and between long working hours and its negative effects on the family; (p=0.0500). More; 67 (89.3%) Juniour doctors had negative work related effects on their family p=0.0170.
Conclusion: The study demonstrated that some work related challenges impact negatively on the family. This includes general quality of family life including happiness and family health.Therefore, the Government and relevant institutions at all levels should revise policies that promote work family balance for the female worker. A culture of interactions and mentorship between the older and younger doctors; particularly female doctors should also be encouraged |
|
[FULL ARTICLE (PDF)]
|
|
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
|
|
| |
A FIVE-YEAR REVIEW OF FEMALE GENITAL TRACT MALIGNANCIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MAIDUGURI TEACHING HOSPITAL, MAIDUGURI, NIGERIA
|
|
| Hadiza A. Usman , Bala M. Audu , Mohammed Bukar , Ahmed Mayun , Ibrahim M. Sanusi |
|
Background: The burden of female genital track malignancies is of public health concern worldwide. Determining the prevalence will help in policy formulations and priority setting for disease prevention and management in health institutions in Northeast Nigeria.
Objectives: To determine the frequency, trend and age pattern of female genital cancers in a referral tertiary health facility in Northeast Nigeria.
Methods: A retrospective descriptive analysis of histologically confirmed cancers of the female st genital tract managed at the University of Maiduguri Teaching hospital for the period 1 st January, 2011 to 31 December, 2015.
Results: Female genital tract malignancies constituted 32% of all female cancers and 7% of gynaecological admission in this study. Cervical cancer was the most common gynaecological malignancy constituting 59.3 % (n=128) followed by ovarian cancer (n=46; 21.3%). Other genital tract malignancies seen include uterine cancer (n=22; 10.2%; majority of which were endometrial cancer (n=19; 8.8%) while uterine sarcoma constituted 3(1.4%)). Choriocarcinoma and vulva cancers contributed 7% (n=15) and 1.4% (n=3) respectively. While cervical cancer was on the decrease, ovarian cancer showed a rising trend during the period under review. The age range for all gynaecological cancers was 18 to 85 years and the mean age (SD) was 43.8 (± 14.5) years. The mean age (SD) for cervical cancer was 51.5(± 12.1). A third of the cervical cancer cases were 20-39 years old. Choriocarcinoma is commoner in younger age groups with a mean age (SD) of 26.6(± 8.0).Vulva and vaginal cancers are least common and occurred in those greater than 60years.
Conclusions: Thirty two per cent of all female cancers were of female genital tract and cervical cancer was still the common female genital tract cancer in this facility. The high prevalence of cervical cancer and increasing trend of ovarian cancer calls for awareness campaign and targeted population screening program for female genital cancer in this region.
|
|
[FULL ARTICLE (PDF)]
|
|
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
|
|
| |
OUR EXPERIENCE WITH LITTLE HOLE APPENDICECTOMY AND DESCRIPTION OF HOW WE DO IT
|
|
|
Babayo UD, Bello US
|
|
Background: Appendicectomy is among the commonest performed surgery. Scarless or minimal scar is now sought by patients. The value of laparoscopic over open appendicectomy is not establish to draw definitive conclusions and generalization, unlike in cholecystectomy; with higher cost, three scars sites and longer operative time. Minimal access appendicectomy is performed via open surgery with only a scar and has been documented. Our technique is also a modified Lanz that places the skin incision 1.5cm medial to the anterior superior iliac spine which gets easily on to the caecum with limited obscured small bowel. The description of technique adds to medical literature and experience in homogenous black population which this paper addresses.
Objectives: To review our little hole open appendicectomy and describe how we do it. To serve as a teach-book for rising scarless surgery requests in our African setting, though not intended for apprentice surgeon.
Methodology:This is a retrospective study of little hole appendicectomies from 2000 -2010.
Result: Thirty nine (39) patients were reviewed,33 females (84.6%) and 6 males (15.38%). 4 patients had incision size 1 cm, 27 patient had 1.5 cm and 8 patients had incision of 2cm.The shortest operative time was 20 minutes and the longest was 55 minutes with a mean operative time of 27.9 minutes.
Conclusion: with appropriate patient selection, little hole open appendicectomy is effective and has a good outcome
|
|
[FULL ARTICLE (PDF)]
|
|
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
|
|
| |
NASOMUCOCILIARY CLEARANCE TIME AMONG HEALTHY NIGERIANS
|
|
| Afolabi Olushola A, Shaibu Stephen B, Segun-Busari Segun, Omokanye Habeeb K, Olosunde Lanre J, Ajodoh O Monday, Ehalaiye Bolorunduro F |
|
Background: Objective:To determine reference values for Nasal Time (NMCT) among healthy Nigerian population using the saccharine test.
Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study that was carried in a Nigerian tertiary hospital using consented healthy relative of patients, hospital staffs, students and civil servants as participants after ethical approval from the institution. Using questionnaire, Information retrieved included socio-demographic profile and saccharine transit time. All information were entered into SPSS version 20.0 and analysed.
Results: one hundred and eighty eight (188) of the 200 volunteers screened satisfy the inclusion. Eighty five (85) male and 103 females, M: F of 1: 1.2. Age range was 10-85years, modal age group was 18-40years, mean age was 31.01years. Minimum NMCT recorded was 6 minutes and maximum was 43minutes with Mean NMCT 15.5minutes.
Conclusion: NMCT among healthy Nigerians was in the range of Mucociliary clearance is an important defence mechanism in the human respiratory system. Mucociliary Clearance 12.5 minutes-18.5 minutes with a mean duration of 15.5 minutes, slightly higher in females than the males and NMCT increases with age.
|
|
[FULL ARTICLE (PDF)]
|
|
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
|
|
| |
ORAL HEALTH KNOWLEDGE AND DENTAL ATTENDANCE AMONG ADOLESCENTS WITH AND WITHOUT DENTAL FEAR
|
|
|
Ogbebor OG, Azodo CC
|
|
Objective: To determine the prevalence of dental fear and to compare oral health knowledge and dental attendance among the adolescents in north central zone of Nigeria with and without dental fear.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 350 children aged 15-19 years old recruited using multistage sampling technique from State owned secondary schools in Minna, Niger State. A self-administered questionnaire elicited information on demographic characteristics, oral health knowledge, toothache experience, gingival bleeding, dental attendance and dental fear.
Results: The majority (92.8%) of the participants reported that they give equal care to their teeth and bodies. Less than half (42.8%) reported poor/fair oral health knowledge; toothache (40.2%) while 56.4% and 54.9% reported gingival bleeding and dental attendance respectively. A total of 128 (3.7.0%)of the 346 participants reported dental fear .Participants with poor/fair oral health knowledge and toothache experience reported significantly more dental fear (P=0.003 and 0.016) respectively. The prevalence of severe dental fear among participants that visited dental clinic was 36.8%. The only determinant of dental fear among the participants was oral health knowledge.
Conclusion: The prevalence of dental fear in this study was high and it was found to be significantly associated with oral health knowledge and toothache experience. However, it was only oral health knowledge that emerged as the determinant of dental fear
|
|
[FULL ARTICLE (PDF)]
|
|
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
|
|
| |
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL REVIEW OF MALE BREAST CANCER IN KANO, NORTHWESTERN NIGERIA: A TEACHING HOSPITAL EXPERIENCE
|
|
| Imam Mohammed Ibrahim, Akinfenwa Taoheed Atanda |
|
Background: Male breast cancer is rare worldwide and accounts for about 1% of all breast cancer cases. Previous studies in Nigeria and other parts of the world attest to the rarity of male breast cancer. However, there is no published report on male breast cancer from Kano, Northern Nigeria despite the increasing incidence in Africans.
Objective: This study describes the age frequency and morphological pattern of male breast cancer in Kano, Northwestern Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: This was a 16-year (2001-2016) retrospective study of all male breast cancer cases that were histologically diagnosed at the histopathology department of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano. The histology slides were retrieved and reviewed. Fresh sections from archival paraffin blocks were obtained when original slides could not be retrieved and special stains deployed where necessary. The cases were then classified by the authors and the results were then analyzed, presented using frequency table and line diagram while the tissue microscopy presented as photomicrographs.
Results: A total of 1,006 breast cancer cases were diagnosed during the 16-year review period. Out of this number, 61(6.1%) cases were males. The age range was between 28 and 79 years with a mean age of 64.5 years. The highest frequency of 26 (42.6%) cases occurred between 61-70 years while the lowest frequency of 2 (3.3%) cases occurred in the third decade. Invasive Carcinoma NST was the predominant histological type accounting for 42 (68.9%) cases. This was followed by papillary carcinoma with 6 (9.8%) cases, medullary carcinoma with 4 (6.6%) cases and lobular carcinoma with 3 (4.9%) cases.
Conclusion: Breast cancer though uncommon in males, it accounts for 6.1% of all breast cancer cases in this study, which further confirms the higher incidence in Africans. Most of the presentations were in the seventh decade and invasive Carcinoma was the predominant histological subtype.
|
|
[FULL ARTICLE (PDF)]
|
|
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
|
|
| |
RIFAMPICIN RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS: PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS AMONG PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN MAIDUGURI, NORTHEASTERN NIGERIA
|
|
| Kida IM, Garbati MA, Ummate I, Goni BW, Bakki B, Dayar AD, Yusuph H. |
|
Background: The introduction of GeneXpert technology for the diagnosis of tuberculosis and detection of rifampicin resistance has revolutionised the efforts of TB control in Africa. Even with this renewed efforts, there is paucity of data on Multidrug Resistant/Rifampicin Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) in North eastern Nigeria. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of rifampicin resistant-TB and its associated risk factors in this region plagued by insurgency.
Methods: A retrospective review of records of 136 sputum smear positive pulmonary TB cases between September 2014 and January 2017 was undertaken. The sociodemographic and risk factors were obtained from the patients' case notes. Detection of MTB and rifampicin resistance was done using automated polymerase chain reaction (GeneXpert MTB/RIF). Data were analyzed using statistical Package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20; bivariate logistic regression was used to assess associations between various risk factors.
Results: The age range of the patients was 18 to 85 years, with a mean age of 33.1 ±7.67 years. Males constituted a majority (61.8%) of the patients. Overall, 94.1% of the samples from the studied population were susceptible to rifampicin and 5.9% were resistant. Previous use of antiTB medication was the only statistically significant risk factor associated with rifampicin resistance.
Conclusion: Rifampicin resistant TB is prevalent in our community housing many internally displaced persons, and high index of suspicion is required to avoid its spread. Use of previous anti-TB medication was identified as an independent risk factor for acquisition of rifampicin resistant TB, and this calls for the strengthening of TB control programmes in the region
|
|
[FULL ARTICLE (PDF)]
|
|
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
|
|
| |
HEALTH SEEKING BEHAVIOUR OF CAREGIVERS OF UNDER-FIVES DURING EPISODES OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION IN AN URBAN COMMUNITY IN EDO STATE
|
|
| Osarogiagbon WO, Isara AR |
|
Background: Early recognition of symptoms and signs of acute respiratory infection by caregivers at home and reporting quickly in a health centre is key to a favourable outcome during episodes of acute respiratory infection in underfives. However, several variables may determine early or late presentation in the hospital.
Objective: To determine the level of awareness concerning acute respiratory infection among caregivers. To assess the pattern of and determinants of health seeking behaviour of caregiver of under-five children with acute respiratory infection in Edaiken Community, Benin City, Edo State.
Method: A descriptive cross-sectional community-based study was carried out in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria. A multi-staged, sampling technique was used to select the caregivers. Data collection was by a pretested researcher administered questionnaire.
Results: Of the 346 caregivers that participated in this study, 293 (84.7%) were mothers. The respondents were predominantly in the age range 21 – 30 years which was 191 (55.2%). Those with secondary education were majority with 214 (61.8%). Majority of the mothers were in the middle economic class, 199 (57.5%). Of the 346 caregivers, 337 (97.4%) agreed that they have heard of ARI. Concerning health seeking behaviour, 121 (35.0%) will visit a health facility, 297 (85.8%) will buy drugs in the chemist, 192 (55.5%) will treat at home with native remedies. The higher the educational level of the caregiver the higher the proportion of those with good health seeking behaviour.
Conclusion: Caregiversin Edaiken community had high level of awareness. Majority of the caregivers exhibited poor health seeking behaviour, majority preferred to buy drugs in the patent medicine stores during acute respiratory infection episodes.
|
|
[FULL ARTICLE (PDF)]
|
|
SHORT COMMUNICATION
|
|
| |
PATTERN OF GLOMERULAR DISEASES IN GOMBE, NORTHEASTERN NIGERIA
|
|
| Sulaiman MM , Lawan AI , Bakki B , Abdullahi YM , Aliyu UB , Sanni IO , Ummate I , Usman AU , Shettima J , Pindiga UH . |
|
Background: Glomerular diseases contribute significantly to the burden of chronic kidney disease and end stage kidney disease in Nigeria. Most patients present with end stage kidney disease when the primary diagnosis could not be made coupled with the fact that there is also very low rate of kidney biopsies in our hospitals. In most developed countries, IgA nephropathy is the most frequent histological entity diagnosed. Studies in the United States have found that focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is the leading glomerular disease among African American population. Genetic factors such as having the APOL1 gene have been implicated in the preponderance of FSGS among Africans. Improved kidney biopsy will add to the understanding of the epidemiology of chronic kidney disease in Africa.
Materials and Methods: The study is a cross sectional study carried out at the Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe between October 2016 and May 2017 on consenting adults who had indication for kidney biopsy. All patients were negative for hepatitis B, C and HIV. Kidney biopsyspecimen were stained and examined with light microscopy.
Results: Out of the ten (10) patients biopsied, 70% (7) were male, their ages ranged from 19 to 54 years with a mean of 34.25±12.45 years. Nephrotic syndrome was the commonest indication for renal biopsy (60%). Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was seen in 50% of patients.
Conclusion: Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is the commonest glomerular disease in Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe
|
|
[FULL ARTICLE (PDF)]
|
|
SHORT COMMUNICATION
|
|
| |
PREVALENCE OF HEAD AND NECK CANCERS IN LOKOJA, KOGI STATE, NORTH CENTRAL NIGERIA
|
|
| Stephen Agbomhekhe Ogah |
Background: Head and Neck cancers constitute about 5-8% of total body cancers and are more common among the elderly, those with previous exposure to radiation, petrochemical byproducts and anti-cancers' drugs. Alcohol and tobacco have a synergistic causal effect on these cancers. Managing these cancers is challenging due to late presentation, funds and lack of necessary facilities.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of head and neck cancers in Lokoja, to have a baseline data for future references and for public awareness programs.
Materials and Methods: A review of the data obtained from the Cancer Registry at Federal Medical Centre Lokoja North Central Nigeria from 2009 January to 2016 December was under taken and results presented in text and table format.
Results: A total of 303 cancers were histological diagnosed and registered in the hospital cancer register. They were 114 breast (37.8%), 99 prostate (32.7%), 31 skin (1023%), 28 lymphatic (9.24%), 18(5.9%) head and neck cancers and 13(4.2%) others. Of the 18 head and neck cancers found, Males were 8 and females were 10, and the male to female ratio was 1:1.25. Their ages range from 11 to 80 years, with a mean age of 28.33 years and a modal age of 51-60 years. Nasopharyngeal cancers were found commonest (38.8%), followed respectively by parotid cancers (22.2%) and thyroid cancers (11.1%).
Conclusions: Although head and neck cancers are relatively uncommon, this study had shown that they exist and with nasopharyngeal cancer being the commonest. |
|
[FULL ARTICLE (PDF)]
|
|
CASE REPORT
|
|
| |
BILATERAL SECOND BRANCHIAL ARCH FISTULA IN A 19 YEAR OLD - A CASE REPORT
|
|
| Abubakar Adamu, Hamman Ibrahim Grandawa, Yusuf Bukar Ngamdu, Haruna Ngadda |
|
SUMMARY
Developmental anomalies involving the branchial apparatus result in branchial cysts, sinuses and fistulas. A congenital branchial fistula is not as commonly encountered as a cyst or sinus. Branchial fistulas mostly arise from the second branchial arch and present at birth. Only few cases are bilateral. Complete branchial fistulas with both external and internal openings are rare. We present a case of bilateral branchial fistula with both external and internal openings in a 19 year old male which is a rare occurrence
|
|
[FULL ARTICLE (PDF)]
|
|
CASE REPORT
|
|
| |
STAGE IIB CARCINOMA OF THE UTERINE CERVIX IN A PATIENT WITH BILATERAL PELVIC KIDNEYS: A RADIOTHERAPEUTIC CHALLENGE
|
|
| Adamu D. Bojude, Musa Ali-Gombe, Aminu U. Usman, Atara I. Ntekim |
|
SUMMARY
Background: The occurrence of invasive cervical cancer in a patient with a congenital pelvic kidney is a rare clinical condition that complicates the use of external beam radiotherapy to the pelvis for cervical cancer because the kidney(s) lies within the radiation field a situation associated with risk of radiation injury, nephritis and malignant hypertension.
Objectives: To report a case of a lady with stage 2B cancer of the cervix who has bilateral pelvic kidneys.
Case: A case of 45-year old para 6 lady with stage 2B cancer of the cervix and a bilateral pelvic kidney, she was managed with external beam radiotherapy (box technique), brachytherapy and chemotherapy. The pelvic kidneys were shielded from the radiation beam appropriately. Six years after treatment she was free of locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis, her blood pressure and renal function were normal.
Conclusion: Chemoradiotherapy was offered to this patient after shielding of the pelvic kidneys. All patients with cancer of the cervix or pelvic tumours should have a thorough abdominopelvic examination before treatment to rule out and prevent unintended radiation injury to the kidney(s)
|
|
[FULL ARTICLE (PDF)]
|
|
CASE REPORT
|
|
| |
RENAL ARTERY STENOSIS WITH SEVERE HYPERTENSION: A CASE REPORT
|
|
| Suwaid MA |
|
SUMMARY
Background: Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is found in 77% of hypertensive patients and is responsible for 1-2% of systemic hypertension. Arteriosclerotic renal artery disease is commonly seen in older patient and rarely seen below 50years, while fibromuscular dysplasia is seen in young adult female with age range of 15-30years.
Objectives: A case of incidentally diagnosed congenital RAS with severe hypertension in a 28- year old lady and the role of radiology in diagnosis of RAS is reported.
Case: A 28-year old lady who presented to the general outpatient department of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital with 3days history of headache, dizziness and malaise. The patient was not a known hypertensive or diabetic. Examination revealed high blood pressure of 160/120mmHg. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a shrunken right kidney, Intravenous urography showed delayed nephrogram and delayed excretory phase with decrease density in the collecting systems, computed tomogram confirmed shrunken right kidney. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) showed the stenosed right renal artery involving the ostium and the proximal one-third.
Conclusion: Renal artery stenosis should be suspected in young people with unexplained hypertension and radiologic investigations are key in confirming diagnosis
|
|
[FULL ARTICLE (PDF)]
|
|
