Background: Vision plays an important role in child development, as this is essential for receiving visual sensory information from the external environment and social development.
Objectives: This study aims at determining the prevalence and causes of ocular morbidity among primary school children within sokoto metropolis.
Materials and Method: A descriptive cross sectional survey of primary school children in Sokoto metropolis was carried out between July 2016 and August 2016. Relevant socio-demographic history and ocular examination was carried out on the primary school children that were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Data were entered and analysed using the MS Excel 20 and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS) version 20.
Results: A total of 184 pupils were surveyed; 85 (46.2%) were males and 99 (53.8%) were females. The age range was between 5 and 15 years and the mean age was10.84years ± 2.19. The prevalence of ocular morbidity among the primary school children was 29.3%. Conjunctivitis was found to be the commonest ocular morbidity with a prevalence of 17.9% followed by refractive error with a prevalence of 7.6% while no cases of colour vision or cataract were seen.
Conclusion: The sheer magnitude of ocular morbidity among primary school children calls for need to introduce or improve the school eye health program as part of the routine school heath services.

Background: In 1994 Helicobacter pylori was classified as class 1 human carcinogen by the IARC (WHO), based on epidemiological evidence. Experimental evidence was subsequently provided by Wantabe et al. This has triggered several studies on the prevalence of H. pylori in patients with Gastric cancers in various regions of the world. In Africa the infection rate in various populations as reported by some studies are not parallel to the incidence of morbidity caused by this infection.
Objective: To determine the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection, Chronic gastritis, Gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia with Gastric cancers.
Methodology: This was a retrospective histopathological study of all gastric cancers with adjacent non – cancerous epithelium seen between January 2005 and December 2012 in the department of Histopathology, Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH). Blocks and archival slides were used for the study.
Results: Out of the 79 cases of gastric cancers seen within the study period, only 46 cases had adjacent non-cancerous epithelium and were included in the study. This comprises of 38 cases of Adenocarcinoma and 8 other tumours. Chronic gastritis was seen in 33 (71.7%) cases. Intestinal metaplasia was present in 14 (30.4%), while H. pylori was seen in only 7 (15.2%) cases.
Conclusions: Gastric cancers are not rare in Jos and there is a relationship between it and the trio of H. pylori infection, chronic gastritis and gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia.